A tool by Leon Dudhill
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Key Terms
  • EnzymeBiological catalyst — speeds up reactions without being used up.
  • Active siteThe specific region where the substrate binds.
  • SubstrateThe molecule the enzyme acts on.
  • Lock and keyThe substrate fits the active site like a key in a lock.
  • DenaturedActive site shape permanently changed — enzyme no longer works.
  • OptimumThe temperature or pH at which an enzyme works best.
  • ComplementaryThe substrate shape matches the active site shape exactly.
Key enzymes
  • AmylaseBreaks down starch → sugars. Works in mouth & small intestine.
  • ProteaseBreaks down proteins → amino acids.
  • LipaseBreaks down lipids → fatty acids + glycerol.
Question types
Multiple Choice Typed Answer
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Active site: specific region where substrate binds. Shape is complementary to the substrate.

Denatured: active site shape permanently changed by high temperature or extreme pH.

Amylase → starch. Protease → proteins. Lipase → lipids.